Basics of Organic Chemistry Video

Hello friends
WATCH THIS VIDEO! If you are poor in organic chemistry and wish to know the basics in organic chemistry or pharmaceutical chemistry .It will help you to understand the basics.Please check my blog for the regular update lots of videos are yet to come.



please leave your valuable feedbacks.Thank you

why 17 Oct' 2008 the Sun will rise continuously for 36 hours

Coming October 17 the sun will rise continuously for 36 hours (1.5 days) in this time the US countries will be dark for 1.5 days.It will convert 3 days to big days.It will happen once in 2400 years.is it possible??I searched in NASA website but Icould't get any information.Experts says that it's only a rumour .

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Amazing Facts !

FACTS PART-1

• The liquid inside young coconuts can be used as a substitute
for Blood plasma.

• No piece of paper can be folded in half more than seven (7) times.

• Donkeys kill more people annually than plane crashes.

• You burn more calories sleeping than you do watching television.

• The first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's gum.

• The King of Hearts is the only king WITHOUT A MOUSTACHE

• American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by eliminating one (1) olive from each salad served in first-class.

• Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.

• Apples, not caffeine, are more efficient at waking you up in the morning.

• Most dust particles in your house are made from DEAD SKIN!

• The first owner of the Marlboro Company died of lung cancer.

• Walt Disney was afraid OF MICE!

• PEARLS MELT IN VINEGAR!

• The three most valuable brand names on earth: Marlboro, Coca Cola, and Budweiser, in that order.

• It is possible to lead a cow upstairs...but, not downstairs.

• A duck's quack doesn't echo,and no one knows why.

• And the best for last.....Turtles can breathe through their butts.

• Dentists have recommended that a toothbrush be kept at least
six (6) feet away from a toilet to avoid airborne particles resulting from the flush.

FACTS-2

1) BOOK WITHOUT LETTER 'e':
GADFY , written by Earnest Wright in 1939 is a 50,000+ word book, which doesn't contain a single word with ' e ' in it


2) WORD WITHOUT VOWEL:
RHYTHM

3) BRAIN: Organ of body which has no sensation when cut .

4) CROCODILE:
Only animal & reptile which sheds tear while eating .

5) No of Alphabets, which SOUND AS WORDS:

They are
B Bee
C Sea
G Zee
I Eye
Q Queue
R Are
S Yes
T Tea
U You
Y Why





[2] Birds, Animals and Trees amaze you!

1) SNAILS have 14175 teeth laid along 135 rows on their tongue.

2) A BUTTERFLY has 12,000 eyes.

3) DOLPHINS sleep with 1 eye open.

4) A BLUE WHALE can eat as much as 3 tonnes of food everyday, but at the same time can live without food for 6 months.


5) The EARTH has over 12,00,000 species of animals, 3,00,000 species of plants & 1,00,000 other species.

6) The fierce DINOSAUR was TRYNOSAURS which has sixty long & sharp teeth, used to attack & eat other dinosaurs.

7) DIMETRODON was a mammal like REPTILE with a snail on its back. This acted as a radiator to cool the body of the animal.

8) CASSOWARY is one of the dangerous BIRD, that can kill a man or animal by tearing off with its dagger like claw.

9) The SWAN has over 25,000 feathers in its body.

10) OSTRICH eats pebbles to help digestion by grinding up the ingested food.

11) POLAR BEAR can look clumsy & slow but during chase on ice, can reach 25 miles / hr of speed.





Facts Set 3 (From the popular BBC show QI)

• When dining with Royalty, it is customary to stop eating when they have
finished whether you have finished or not.

• Sigourney Weaver's dad, Pat, is said to be one of only two people who know
the exact recipe for Coca Cola.

• The acronym I.O.U. actually stands for 'Is Owed Unto'.

• The only word in the English language that ends in '-MT' is 'Dreamt'.

• The elephant is the only mammal that can't jump.

• If you dream about cucumber it is meant to foretell romance.

• Because of the rotation of the earth, an object can be thrown further if
thrown west.

• Time magazine's 'Man of the Year' for 1938 was Adolph Hitler.

• The average salary in the UK is £25,000. If you earn this, you are richer
than 97% of the rest of the world.

• Walt Disney holds the record for most Oscars won (26) and most nominations
received (64).





• Ringtones now account for 10 per cent of the world's music market, generating
a staggering $3bn.

• What do Sir Jimmy Savile, Garry Bushell, Jamie Theakstone and Carol Vorderman
have in common? They're all members of Mensa.

• Average number of Americans killed annually by vending machines falling on
them: 13


• James Bond is half-Swiss. According to Ian Fleming's You Only Live Twice,
Bond was the son of a Scottish father, Andrew Bond, and a Swiss mother,
Monique Delacroix, both of whom died in a climbing accident.

• The record distance for a human fired from a cannon is 57 metres.

• It takes approximately two million flowers for a bee to make 1 lb of honey.

• A peanut is not a nut. It is a legume.

• Your body contains 60,000 miles of blood vessels

• The following celebrities were cheerleaders at college;
• Teri Hatcher (Freemount High, San Francisco),
• Sandra Bullock (Arlington, Virginia),
• Raquel Welch (San Diego),
• Cameron Diaz (Long Beach High)
• And George W Bush (Phillips Academy, Massachusetts)!


for more science fact.. more than 250(In M.S word)  DOWNLOAD

Synthetic Techniques in Organic Chemistry

Crystallization is one of the important methods for the purification of the reaction product. The method consists of heating the crude product with suitable solvent. (Substances sparingly soluble in the solvent in cold and highly soluble on warming) and then filtered hot to remove any insoluble material. Upon cooling, the substance generally in pure form crystallizes out.This video will help how to do the recrystallization in the lab.Thank you
DISTILLATION

Distillation is a widely used method for separating mixtures based on differences in the conditions required to change the phase of components of the mixture. To separate a mixture of liquids, the liquid can be heated to force components, which have different boiling points, into the gas phase. The gas is then condensed back into liquid form and collected. Repeating the process on the collected liquid to improve the purity of the product is called double distillation. Although the term is most commonly applied to liquids, the reverse process can be used to separate gases by liquefying components using changes in temperature and/or pressure.This video wil help you to perform Distillation in your Lab.Thank you

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a very commonly used technique in synthetic chemistry for identifying compounds, determining their purity and following the progress of a reaction. It also permits the optimization of the solvent system for a given separation problem. In comparison with column chromatography, it only requires small quantities of the compound (~ng) and is much faster as well.Watch this video to learn more.Thank you

EXTRACTION

Liquid-liquid extractions using a separatory funnel are essentially the only kind of extraction performed in the organic teaching labs. The "liquid-liquid" phrase means that two liquids are mixed in the extraction procedure. The liquids must be immiscible: this means that they will form two layers when mixed together, like oil and vinegar do in dressing. Some compounds are more soluble in the organic layer (the "oil") and some compounds are more soluble in the aqueous layer (the "vinegar").

COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY


In column chromatography, the stationary phase, a solid adsorbent, is placed in a vertical glass (usually) column and the mobile phase, a liquid, is added to the top and flows down through the column (by either gravity or external pressure). Column chromatography is generally used as a purification technique: it isolates desired compounds from a mixture.

The mixture to be analyzed by column chromatrography is applied to the top of the column. The liquid solvent (the eluent) is passed through the column by gravity or by the application of air pressure. An equilibrium is established between the solute adsorbed on the adsorbent and the eluting solvent flowing down through the column. Because the different components in the mixture have different interactions with the stationary and mobile phases, they will be carried along with the mobile phase to varying degrees and a separation will be achieved. The individual components, or elutants, are collected as the solvent drips from the bottom of the column.

Column chromatography is separated into two categories, depending on how the solvent flows down the column. If the solvent is allowed to flow down the column by gravity, or percolation, it is called gravity column chromatography. If the solvent is forced down the column by positive air pressure, it is called flash chromatography, a "state of the art" method currently used in organic chemistry research laboratories The term "flash chromatography" was coined by Professor W. Clark Still because it can be done in a “flash."WATCH THE VIDEO..

Neela Kurinji.....The Mystery !

NEELAKURINJI….The Mystery Plant

In 2006 some mountains of Munnar were covered with 'Kurinji' flowers. I was wondering how these mountains got the blue colored covering. When I was watching these flowers a cool breeze came to tease the flowers, wah!! What a wonderful scene. Then I came to know that I can see the Kurinji' flowers once in twelve years. It was very painful to realize that I will not see the flowers for another 12 years. I think there were so many hearts, same as mine. May be because of that, in 2006, God blessed with these beautiful flowers. These green mountains turned blue within a period of 3-4 weeks and they remained blue for a couple of months.. Now we are expecting to see 'Neela kurinji' in AD 2018.

Munnar is blessed with a rich variety of flora and fauna but the most well known among them is Neelakurinji The Neelakurinji or Kurinji is a unique shrub species that blooms in Munnar and the hills across Western Ghats.

It blooms once in 12 years and dies after the blooming. A new plant takes its place with its genetic clock also set for another bloom after 12 years and this cycle of life goes on and on making it one of the most admired and strange species of plants. Scientists believe that the flowering pattern is part of a survival mechanism to escape destruction by seed/flower predators,but still it remains as a mystery.



Neelakurinji (Strobilanthes kunthiana) belongs to the family of Acanthaceae. The species name Kunthiana has been derived from the River Kunthi. . Neelakurinji blooms in a clustered manner on typical inflorescence stocks once in every 12 years. . The flowering season ranges between August and November with a peak period of late September and October although some varieties exhibit little variation in their phrenology. The flower has purplish blue colour when aged. It looks light blue in the earlier stage of blooming.

On the hills, the plant usually grow 30 to 60 cm in height, but under more favorable conditions they can grow well beyond 180 cms. It can be found only in high altitudes between 1,600 metres and 2,600 m the mass flowering and subsequent death of the Kurinji is the subject of hill folklore.

Although Neelakurinji has flowering cycles ranging from one to 16 years, it has been flowering every 12 years since 1800. What triggers the massive flowering every 12 years is not known. Plants that bloom at long intervals like this is called plietesials. But stray flowerings do occur in between. The flowering season comes between August and November and peak in late September and October although some varieties exhibit little variation. It looks light blue in the early stage of blooming and has purplish blue Colour when aged.

Neela means blue in Malayalam language and Kurinji is the local name of the flower. For those in Munnar, the blooming of Kurinji flower is a reminder that their lives have gone past another twelve years and for those from far off places it maybe once in a life time opportunity to witness the Kurinji flowers covering the hills of Munnar in a blanket of blue.

The Nilgiris, which means blue mountains, got its name from the blue flowers of Neelakurinji. Once they used to cover the entire Nilgiris like a carpet during its flowering season. However, now plantations and dwellings occupy much of their habitat. The departments of Tourism, Forests and Wildlife have initiated a campaign for the preservation of Neelakurinji and its natural habitat.

During the last blooming in 2006, the biggest Neelakurinji flowering was at the Eravikulam National Park in Munnar. It also bloomed gregariously at several places around Munnar and in Kodaikanal. The next mass flowering is expected to take place in 2018.

Jokes Of The Day

eTwo atoms are walking down the street.

Says one atom to the other, "Hey! I think I lost an electron!"

The other says, "Are you sure??"

"Yes, I'm positive!"

Munnar The most beautiful Tourist Spot

MUNNAR, A misty, lush green hill station up in the Annamalai range of Kerala, Tea gardens, some of the highest in the world stretch up the sides of the hills and are interspersed with pockets of forest rich in wildlife. Munnar infact is like a giant Japanese garden stretching to the end of the horizon and makes an interesting change from coastal, palmfringed Kerala. Adjacent nearly to Anaimudi, the highest peakin South India, Munnar is nearly 1600 metres above sea level.Since the 30 odd tea gardens around Munnar are all privately owned,the majority of them by Tata Tea, the town itself is beautifully maintained. A colonial town, clean and neat and brightly painted,it has its own charm.
Location: In the Ananmalai Hills 1520 metres above sea level
Climate: Very heavy monsoons from June to September. Annualrainfall 270cm
Tourist seasons: Munnar is a pleasantly cool and refreshing place to visit at most times of year. Winters are cooold! And during monsoon days the downpour is steady.
Munnar - breathtakingly beautiful - a haven of peace and tranquility - the idyllic tourist destination in God's own country.Set at an altitude of 6000 ft in Idukki district, Munnar was the favored summer resort of the erstwhile British rulers in the colonial days. Unending expanse of tea plantations - pristine valleys and mountains- exotic species of flora and fauna in its wild sanctuaries and forests - aroma of spice scented cool air - yes! Munnar has all these and more. It's the place you would love to visit - it's the place you would wish never to leave.
TeaGardens

Munnar’s top attraction is its scenic tea gardens and is top priority on any travel itinerary in this area. There are around 30 tea estates, all are privately owned (about 27 of them owned by Tata Tea Company), but most estate managers will allow visitors to wander around the estate for free. Tea factories at the estates offer a great opportunity to witness the entire process by which tea changes from being a fresh, hand picked leaf to the fragrant product that makes it to breakfast tables across the world. Some tea factories also offer tea on sale for visitors.

MATTUPETTY LAKE AND DAM

Mattupetty Lake and Dam, which lie 13 km from Munnar, enroute Top Station, at an altitude of 1700 mt, are popular picnic spot with visitors. The sprawling Kundala tea plantations and the Kundala Lake are other attractions in the vicinity. DTPC Idukki provides boating facilities on the Mattupetty Dam. Speed launch, slow speedboat and motorboats are available on hire.
The lake and dam surrounded by wooden hills and tea plantations, makes a great view.

The Shola forests around Mattupetty are ideal for trekking and bird watching, with the variety of birds found there. Small streams and waterfalls cut through the tract here and there, which again adds more attraction to the place. Boating is also allowed on Mattupetty Lake and combined with picnic and trekking, makes for a great outing from Munnar.Mattupetty Dam was built in the late 1940’s. located 13 km from Munnar is situated at a height of 1700 m, Mattupetty is known for its highly specialised dairy farm - the Indo Swiss Livestock Project. Over a 100 varieties of high yielding cattle are reared here.

LOCK HEART GAP

Lock Heart Gap is an ideal place for adventure tourism and trekking. It is about 13 km from Munnar. The fresh mountain air, the mist-clad hills and panoramic view make it worthy of a visit. There is a cave called Lock heart cave which is almost 3km inside. believed to have been used by Malaikkallan, a legendary highway robber. This was an interesting tourist spot till recently but now it has been broken away to widen the road.

SWISS LIVESTOCK PROJECT FARM
Also known as Mattupetti (cattle village), the Swiss Livestock Project is a highly specialized dairy farm where over a hundred breeds of highly yielding cattle are reared in eleven cattle sheds. Visitors are allowed into three of the sheds during fixed hours.The project was established in 1961 by Kerala Livestock Development Board (KLDB)
Top Station
Top station, 41 km (1hr) from Munnar is aptly named, as it is home to some of the highest tea plantations in India. It lies on the state border between Kerala and Tamilnadu and commands a panoramic view of rolling green hills. Top Station derived its name from its location on the Kundala Valley 24 inch gauge railway. Middle Station Kundalai is 12 km from Top Station on the way to Lower Station

ECHO POINT
On the way to top station, at a spot on the lake embankment, amid some hills, every loud sound is echoed manifold by the surrounding hills— the spot is called Echo point which also offers panoramic views. It is just 15 km from Munnar. An excellent place, especially for young travelers to disembark for a while, yell out — and listen to your voice coming back to you!

MARAYOOR

Marayoor lies 40 km from Munnar, a rain-shadow village on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, is 40 kms from Munnar on the Udumalapet road. It holds a lot of nature's blessing to be unfolded before its visitors.It's also a unique place where tourism meets adventure. The fresh mountain air, the mist-clad hills and panoramic view make it worthy of a visit.
By travelling either from Marayur to Munnar or from Munnar to Marayur, one can feel the enchanting beauty of nature's blessing to be remembered for life time. It is a place not to be missed for its combination of ancient caves, sandalwood trees and souvenirs from ancient civilization and more. Marayoor has a sandalwood factory owned by the Forest Department of Kerala, where attractive objects are d’art crafted from the precious wood.

The other important site here is a series of muniyaras (caves) dating back to the New Stone Age. The muniyaras contain rock paintings of considerable archeological significance, also part of the pre-historic excavations at Marayoor, are dolmenoid burial chambers consisting of four erect stones covered by a horizontal capstone.Other popular attractions at Marayoor include a children’s park that lies under a banayan tree extending over a hector of land, and the Thoovanam waterfall.The enchanting beauty of Marayoor offers diversity in every aspect of the land and culture. Hamlets, rocky hills, rivers, brook, cave temples, sugar cane fields, waterfalls,Neolithic period's stone coffins, sandal wood and bamboo forests are all in store for the visitor. It is the only place in Kerala having a natural growth of sandal wood trees. The rare Neelakurinji flower is native of this region.
Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary
Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary lies 60 km from Munnar, a mixture of thorny scrub and deciduous forest that is home to some of Kerala’s most interesting wildlife. The prima donna here is the highly endangered giant grizzle squirrel, of which as estimated global count is less than 200. Other than this extremely rare creature, Chinnar’s resident species include elephants, tigers, chital, sambar, Indian bison and monkeys.
Apart from the dry thorn forests, due to the significant variation in altitude and rainfall, it has a wide array of habitat types like deciduous forests, dry thorny forest, riparian types, sholas and grasslands that are interspersed with plains, hillocks, rocks and cliffs which provide microhabitats for varied forms of life.
It is an abode of reptilian fauna and the richest in Kerala in terms of the number of species. Albizia lathamii, a critically endangered species has been reported from the dry forests of Chinnar. It is a well known repository of medicinal plants. The riverine forests along Chinnar and Pambar support a healthy population of Grizzled Giant Squirrel.The famous ‘white bison of Manjampatti’ has been recently reported from Chinnar. With 225 species of birds, Chinnar is rich in avian diversity. In association with the neighbouring PAs, Chinnar forms part of a viable conservation unit.


ERAVIKULAM NATIONAL PARK
Eravikulam is one of Kerala’s finest wildlife reserves, and its excellent location, a mere 16 km from Munnar, makes it an unforgettable experience for any lover of the outdoors. The park, a spread of 97 km across Rajamalai Hills, is a combination of grassland and shola forests. The Atlas moth, the largest of its kind in the world, is a unique inhabitant of the park. Other rare species of fauna found here are the Nilgiri Langur, the lion-tailed macaque, leopards, tigers, etc.
Don't make this your destination for a monsoon visit because visitors are not allowed here during this season.
ANAMUDI PEAK
Anamudi Peak inside Eravikulam National Park is the highest peak (2695 m) in peninsular India. It towers over the sanctuary in majestic pride. The hill is abundant in all kinds of rare flora and fauna. It is best know for the endangered Nilgiri tahr (hemitragus hylocrious) although it does harbour a number of other equally interesting denizens— such as Atlas moth (the largest of its kind in the world), Nilgiri langurs, lion-tailed macaques, leopards and tigers. An ideal place for trekking, facilities are provided here and tourists are allowed to go on foot up to Anamudi.


THATTEKAD BIRD SANCTUARY
The sanctuary lies near Kothamangalam and is 80 km from Munnar. Also known as the Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary (after India’s most famous ornithologist, who was instumental in its establishment). Thattekad spreads out over a relatively small area of 25 sq km of dense forest of rosewood, teak and mahogany. But don’t let the diminutive size of the sanctuary put you off; this modest bit of land harbours a fairly impressive selection of avifauna, guaranteed to have any avid bird-watchery yearning for more.

Thattekad’s resident species number more than 270, of which the more prominent ones are crimson-throated barbets, rose-billed rollers, sunbirds, shrikes, Malabar grey hornbills, Malayan night herons, rusty-tailed flycatchers, Ceylon frogmouths and parakeets. In addition, the sanctuary is home to more than 200 species of butterflies, plus a few mammals—including leopards and bears.
Pothamedu is located 6 km from Munnar and offers an excellent view of the tea, coffee and cardamom plantations in Munnar. The rolling hills, the lush mountain and the breathtaking scenery here is ideal for trekking and long mountain walks.

DEVIKULAM is located (7 km from Munnar) is idyllic hill station with its velvet lawns, exotic flora and fauna and the cool mountain air is a rare experience. The Sita Devi Lake with its mineral waters and picturesque surroundings is a good picnic spot. The lake is also ideal for trout fishing.

PALLIVASAL is 8 km from Munnar is the venue of the first Hydro Electric Project in Kerala and a place of immense scenic beauty.

ATTUKAL is 9 km from Munnar is a panorama of waterfalls and rolling hills, Attukal, located between Munnar and Pallivasal, is a feast for the eyes. The place is also ideal for long treks.

NYAYAMAKAD is 10 km from Munnar is located between Munnar and Rajamala, Nyayamakad is a land of breathtaking waterfalls. The waters cascade down a hill from a height of about 1600 metres. The enchanting surroundings makes an excellent picnic spot and trekking point.


CHITHIRAPURAM,10 km from Munnar is known for sleepy little cottages, bungalows, old playgrounds and courts, Chithirapuram still exudes an old world charm. Home of the Pallyvasal Hydel Power Project, this hill town is also famous for its picturesque tea plantation.

About my Kerala

Kerala, one of the smallest states in the Republic of India, was formed in 1956. It has an area of 15,005 sq. miles. [38,863 sq. km. ] about one percent of the total land area of India.
The state stretches for about 360 miles along the Malabar coast on the western side of the Indian peninsula; its width varies from 20 to 75 miles. It is bordered by the states of karnataka on the north, Tamil Nadu to the east and the arabian sea to the west (map). The state has 14 districts and the capital is in Trivandrum [now Thiruvananthapuram].
Kochi and Kozhikode are the major Cities. The principal spoken language is Malayalam though other languages are also spoken. Kerala is one of the most densely populated states in India and ranks 12th among states in terms of population.
Kerala is mentioned in the ancient epic Mahabharata (800 BC) at several instances as a tribe, as a region and as a kingdom. The first written mention of Kerala is seen in a 3rd-century-BC rock inscription by emperor Asoka the Great, where it is mentioned as Keralaputra. This region formed part of ancient Tamilakam and was ruled by the Cheras. They had extensive trade relations with the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. In the 1st century AD Jewish immigrants arrived, and it is believed that St. Thomas the Apostle visited Kerala in the same century[3]. The Chera Kingdom and later the feudal Nair and Namboothiri Brahmin city-states became major powers in the region.[4] Early contact with Europeans later gave way to struggles between colonial and native interests. The States Reorganisation Act of 1 November 1956 elevated Kerala to statehood.

Social and educational reforms enacted in the late 19th century by Cochin and Travancore were expanded upon by post-independence governments, making Kerala one of the most literate, healthiest, and gender-equitable regions in India. Kerala has one of the most advanced educational systems in India.[8] Though the state's basic human development indices are roughly equivalent to those in the developed world, the state is substantially more environmentally sustainable than Europe and North America. A survey conducted in 2005 by Transparency International ranked Kerala as the least corrupt state in the country.

Kerala is probably the greenest place you will ever see. The coconut palms, the red tilted houses, the innumerable lakes and beaches will remain long lasting impressions to any visitor. The colorful festivals like ONAM & VISHU, various types dances like Kathakali, Kaikottikali, Mohiniyattom and Koodiyattam, martial arts like Kalaripayattu and wildlife sanctuaries are the other attractions. Ayurveda the 3000 year old system of medicine (recognized by World Health Organization as a system of alternative medicine), is becoming very popular all over the world. Kerala is a very attractive tourist place in Asia.

FUN FILLED CHEMISTRY

PURPLE SMOKE REACTION


CHEMICAL VOLCANO


CLOCK REACTION


COLOURLESS ROSE


WATER FREEZING TO ICE


MAGIC SAND


SMOKING FINGER


HOT ICE


SILVER MIRROR


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