Friday, December 19, 2008

Phyllanthus niruri

HEPATOPROTECTIVES, LIVER TONIC, ANTI HEPATOTOXIC

Phyllanthus niruri
Bhuiamalaki, botanically known has Phyllanthus niruri is a member of Euphorbiaceae family. The decoction of the plant has historically being used in jaundice. In a preliminary study, carriers of hepatitis B virus were treated with a preparation of the plant Phyllanthus niruri for 30 days. 22 of 37 (59%) treated patients had lost hepatitis B surface antigen when tested 15-20 days after the end of the treatment compared with only 1 of 23 (4%) placebo-treated controls. Some subjects have been followed for up to 9 months. In no case has the surface antigen returned. Studies also revealed that Phyllanthus niruri exhibits antiviral actions on Hepatitis B in human subjects and in vitro.
Preclinical studies demonstrates that an extract of the Phyllanthus niruri plant inhibits endogenous DNA polymerase of hepatitis B virus and binds to the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus. Extracts of Phyllanthus niruri have been shown to exert hepatoprotective effect against carbon tetrachloride induced liver cell damage in rabbits. Pre-treatment with extract of Phyllanthus niruri, reduced paracetamol-induced acute liver damage in rats as monitored by estimating the serum transaminases (SGOT and SGPT), bilirubin and histopathological changes in the livers.


Withania somnifera

HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENTS, LIVER TONIC, ANTI HEPATOTOXICWithania somnifera

Withania somnifera (L) Dunal (Solanaceae), commonly called Ashwagandha (Sanskrit) is an Ayurvedic Indian medicinal plant, which has been widely used as a home remedy for several ailments.
Mechanism by which the W. somnifera exerts a hepatoprotective effect in a hyperammonemic condition could be attributed to (i) presence of natural antioxidants, (ii) its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties and (iii) excess removal of urea related compounds. The exact underlying mechanism is still unclear and further research is needed.

Boerhavia diffusa

HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENTS, LIVER TONIC, ANTI HEPATOTOXICBoerhavia diffusa

The roots of Boerhavia diffusa, commonly known as 'Punarnava', are used by a large number of tribes in India for the treatment of various hepatic disorders and for interna inflammation. Anodectal data has lso reported effectiveness of Boerhavia diffusa incases of oedema and ascites resulting from early cirrhosis of the liver and chronic peritonitis. . A proprietory hepatotonic herbal formulation containing Boerhavia diffusa as one of the major ingredient offered significant protection against decrease in haemoglobin percentage R.B.C. and W.B.C counts and the various liver microsomal enzymes.

Tinospora cordifolia

HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENTS, LIVER TONIC, ANTI HEPATOTOXIC Tinospora cordifolia

Tinospora cordifolia commonly known as Guduchi is one of the most valuable medicinal herbs of ayurveda. According to the Ayurvedic lexicons Tinospora cordifolia is referred to as 'Amrita'. The term 'Amrita' is attributed to this drug in recognition of its ability to impart youthfulness, vitality and longevity to its patron. In modern medicine it is well known for its hepatoprotective, adaptogenic and immunomodulatory activities.
Kupffer cells are major determinants of outcome of liver injury. Their activity was therefore studied in a model of chronic liver disease. The effect of Tinospora cordifolia, with proven hepatoprotective activity, was evaluated on Kupffer cell function, using carbon clearance test as a parameter. Antihepatotoxic activity of Tinospora cordifolia was studied in albino rats intoxicated with CCl4.
Liver function was assessed based on morphological, biochemical (SGPT, SGOT, Serum alkaline phosphatase, Serum bilirubin) and functional (Pentobarbitone sleep time) tests. Efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia as a sole constituent in goats liver were studied. Results revealed clinical and hematobiochemical improvement at the later stages in Tinospora cordifolia treated goats, indicating that it has got hepatoprotective action

Silybum marianum

HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENTS, LIVER TONIC, ANTI HEPATOTOXIC


Silybum marianum



Blessed Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) is a milk thistle, a plant of the Asteraceae family. This fairly typical thistle has red to purple flowers and shiny pale green leaves with white veins. Originally a native of Southern Europe through to Asia, it is now found throughout the world. The medicinal parts of the plant are the ripe seeds.


Its traditional use as a liver tonic has been supported by research showing that it contains constituents that protect liver cells from chemical damage. Historically, this herb has been used in Europe as a liver tonic, and current phytotherapy indicates its use in a whole range of liver and gallbladder conditions, including hepatitis and cirrhosis. It may also have value in the treatment of chronic uterine problems. A wealth of research done in Germany is revealing exciting data about reversal of toxic liver damage, as well as protection from potential hepato-toxic agents.


A study conducted in 85 patients revealed that silybin conjugated with vitamin E and phospholipids could be used as a complementary approach to the treatment of patients with chronic liver damage.

Tuesday, December 16, 2008

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Wednesday, December 10, 2008

UPCOMING SEMINARS,CONFERENCES AND EVENTS


FORTHCOMING SEMINARS,CONFERENCES AND EVENTS
IN PHARMACY June 2009 (INDIA) UPDATED

 FOR 2011 UPDATES CLICK HERE





 


SEMINARS IN NOVEMBER 2008
1.First International Conference On Pharmacovigilance And Clinical Data Management
Date: 2-5 November 2008
Venue: Full day workshop on 2 November at Cognizant Hiranandani Business Park, Powai, Mumbai followed by a three day conference from 3 -5 November, at The Residence Hotel, Powai Mumbai.

2.Theoretical and Practical Course "Transgene Expression in Plants"
Organiser: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB, New Delhi, India)
Date:10 - 13 November 2008
3.2nd Indo - US meeting on Mitochondrial Research & Medicine
Date:12-14 November 2008
Venue-ManipalUniversity,Manglore
http://www.manipal.edu/manipalsite/Users/globalpage.aspx?pgid=52
4.National Seminar on Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Analysis
Date: 13-15 November 2008.
Venue: PES College of Pharmacy,Hanumanth Nagar,Banglore.
5. AICTE Sponsored one day seminar on "Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences."
Date:November 14 -2008
venue:Erode College Of Pharmacy,Erode.
http://ecperode.in/seminar/
6.International Conference On New Developments In Drug Discovery From Natural Products And Traditional Medicines.
Venue:- NIPER ,S.A.S.Nagar,Punjab,India
Date:16 th November -20 th November 2008
7.Biology in the new millennium “Indo-US conference on translational medicine and infectious diseases”
Date-17-20 November, 2008
Venue - National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India .
http://www.nii.res.in/
8.bioLOGIC India 2008: India’s most influential biopharmaceutical meeting
venue:Marriott hotel, Hyderabad.
Date:17-20 november 2008
http://www.terrapinn.com/2008/bioindia/
8.INDO-RUSSIAN WORKSHOPon Self - propagating High Temperature Synthesis
Date:Nov 27 - 29, 2008
venue:The Materials Research Centre (MRC),Banglore.
http://mrc.iisc.ernet.in/
9.National Seminar on Cancer - Biology and Development of New Chemical Entities
Date:20-22 november 2008
Venue:PSG College of Pharmacy,Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu
http://www.psgpharma.com/natsemi_cancer.html
10.National Seminar and Workshop on "Metabolic Networks and Drug Discovery"
Date:28-11-2008 to 30-11-2008
Venue:Banarus Hindhu University
11.P-Mec India
Date: 27-30 November 2008
Venue: Bombay Exhibition Centre-NSE Exhibition Complex, Mumbai.
http://www.cphi-india.com/content/P-MECIndia.aspx
12.Seventh National Workshop on “Simple Diagnostic Methods in Clinical Microbiology” Date:25th to 29th November 2008
Venue: Department of Microbiology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry.
http://www.jipmer.edu/
SEMINARS IN DECEMBER 2008
13.Recent Techniques in Structural and Functional Genomics
Date:December 1 -10, 2008
Venue:Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Lucknow – 226 015
http://www.cimap.res.in/WinterSchool_2008.html
14.DIA's 3rd Annual Conference on Drug Discovery and Clinical Development in India: Scientific, Regulatory, and Social Frontiers
Date:07 Dec 2008 - 10 Dec 2008
Venue:Renaissance Mumbai Hotel & Convention Centre,
2 & 3B, Near Chinmayanand, Ashram, Powai400087 MumbaiIndia
http://www.diahome.org/DIAHome/
15.R & D Conference 2008
Venue:India habitat centre N.Delhi
Date: december 6 -10 2008
http://www.cdriindia.org/endoconf2008/csirconfdec08.pdf
15.International Conference on Natural Products in Health & 21st Annual Conference of The Indian Society for Atherosclerosis Research.
Date: 8th - 10th December , 2008
Venue:Annamali university,Chidambaram.
http://annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/conference_bio_chem.htm
16.National Symposium On“Recent Advances inFemale Reproductive Health Research” Date:December 11-12, 2008
Venue:Central drug research institute,lucknow
http://www.cdriindia.org/endoconf2008/endosymp2008-1.pdf
17.60th Indian Pharmaceutical Congress (IPC) 2008
Date: 12-14 December, 2008
Venue: Netaji Subash Institute of Technology, New Delhi
18.Science Conclave With Nobel Prize Winners (Interaction Meet of Young Scientists/Students/Teachers with Nobel Laureates/Eminent Scientists)
Date:15-21 December 2008
Venue:Indian institute of information technology,Allahabad.
19.International Conference On Biotechnological Approaches To Neuroimmunomodulation And Infectious Diseases (Icbanid)
Date- December 11-13, 2008.
Venue-National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Sector-67, Phase-X, S. A. S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab,
http://niper.nic.in/
20.IISc Centenary Conference
Date:13-16
December 2008
Venue: Indian Institute Of Science,Banglore
http://www.iisc.ernet.in/centenary-conf/
21.A Satellite Alexander Hollaender Workshop on "Genetic Toxicology"
Da7te: December 15 - 17, 2008.
Venue:Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Lucknow
http://www.iitrindia.org/ForthcomingEvents.html
22.International Conference On Translational Pharmacology and 41 st Annual Conference Of Indian Pharmacological Society
Date:December18-20 2008
Venue:AIIMS ,N.Delhi
23.Meditel 2008 (new)
Organised by Medical Computer Society of India
Date : 19th - 20th DECEMBER, 2008
Venue: Sri Ramchandra Medical College & Research Institute, Porur,Chennai- 600116.
http://www.meditel2008.com/
SEMINARS IN JANUARY 2009
24. 96 th Indian Science Congress
Date: January 3-7 2009
Venue:North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU) ,Shillong-793022
http://www.isc2009nehu.com/
25.INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOLECULAR MEDICINE With special reference to therapeutic applications
Organised by:The Laila Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd, Chennai In Association With:Indian Institute of Technology Madras,India,Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA and Sri Ramachandra University and Stella Maris College for women.
Date:January 18th - 20th, 2009
Venue: IIT Madras
http://molmed2009.com/
26.ICT Innovations
Date:January 22-23, 2009,
Venue:FICCI, Federation House, New Delhi
http://www.indiarnd.com/
26.21st Kerala Science Congress
Date: 28-31 January 2009
Venue: C. Kesavan Memorial Hall, Kollam,Kerala
http://www.ksc.kerala.gov.in/venueanddate.htm
27.International Conference on Interplay of Chemical and Biological Sciences: Impact on Health and Environment
Date-26th February - 1st March 2009
Venue- Delhi University, Delhi Organized by-Indian Society of Chemists & Biologists, India and Delhi University http://www.iscbindia.org/conference.htm
SEMINARS IN FEBRUARY 2009
28.Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK)symposium
Date:13 and 14 february 2009
venue:NIPER ,S.A.S.Nagar
http://niper.nic.in/index.htm
29., Efficacy and Safety” International conference on Herbal Medicine – “Evaluation of Quality
Date:February 26 , 27 & 28th (Thursday,Friday & Saturday), 2009
Venue:J.N Tata auditorium,National science seminar complex,Indian Institute of Science,Banglore
http://www.herbalconference2009.com/
Date: Feb. 24th-28th, 2009
Venue-niper,Mohali
31.5th Nutraceutical Summit 2009
Date:February 19-21, 2009
Venue:'The Taj President', Mumbai,
32.Conference On transdermal and topical delivery of dermaceuticals and cosmaceutical products.
Date: February 20-21 2009.
Venue: Mumbai ,India.
31.National symposium in animal models in biomedical research-ethical and welfare issues (new)
Date:25 and 26 th february 2009
Venue: CDRI ,Lucknow
SEMINARS IN MARCH 2009
32.IPA Convention 2009
Date:march 14-15 2009
venue: DIPSER .N.Delhi
33.1 st symposium on medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences(new)
Date :MARCH 24-26, 2009
34.workshop on 'computational chemistry and chemoinformatics approaches in modern drug discovery'(new)
Dates:18 - 21 March, 2009
Venue: IIITM-K, Nila Building, Technopark, Trivandrum
35.International Conference on Open Source for Computer Aided Drug Discovery(new)
Date :22-26 March, 2009
SEMINARS IN APRIL 2009

33.Workshop on "Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling"
Date: 01-04-2009 to 03-04-2009
Dr. S.K. Shrivastava, Organising Secretary of the Workshop, Deptt. of Pharmaceutics, I.T., BHU
http://bhu.ac.in/seminar/seminar.htm
34.Banglore Bio 2009
Date:April 15-17 2009
Venue:Banglore International exibition centre,Tumkur road,Banglore
34.2-day seminar on Stem Cell Research and Therapy'(new)
Date:April 13 to 14, 2009
Venue:Assocham House, New Delhi
34.Workshop on METHODS IN EPIDEMIOLOGIC, CLINICAL & OPERATIONS RESEARCH (MECOR) (new)
31 May- 6 June 2009
venue-National Institute of Epidemiology (NIE/ICMR), Chennai
http://www.nie.gov.in/MECOR.pdf

SEMINARS IN August 2009
31. AICTE SPONSORED STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
"PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION A GLOBAL PROSPECTIVE
Date: 3 -14 August 2009
Venue: Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Poonthavanam .P.O
Kizhattur, Perinthalamanna,Kerala.Pin- 67932
For details and application form CLICK HERE
32.DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
International Conference on Challenges in Biotechnology and Food Technology

August 26 – 28th , 2009
ORGANISED BY-Department of Technology,Faculty of Engineering and Technology,Annamalai University,Annamalai Nagar – 608 002
http://annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/conference_tech_icbf2009.htm

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Monday, December 1, 2008

MOON,VENUS AND JUPIETR MAKES THE SKY SMILE

SMILEY FACE MOON DECEMBER 1 2008

Venus and Jupiter, will be close together in the evening sky, forming a spectacular double. The two are closest together on Monday December 1st, with Venus lying about 2 degrees to the South (left) of Jupiter. On the same night the Crescent Moon will appear just beneath them, forming a “Smiley Face”.It will be visible for three or four days and it can be seen from all parts of the world ,but will be more clear from Newyork and Hongkong.Don't waste this precious moments because it is rare

Wednesday, November 12, 2008

Chromolaena odorata

ALL ABOUT COMMUNIST PACHA

Botanical name : Chromolaena odorata King & Robinson.
Family : Asteraceae
SANSKRIT SYNONYMS : Ropani, Seekhrasarpi

Chromolaena odorata is a fast-growing perennial shrub, native to South America and Central America. It has been introduced into the tropical regions of Asia, Africa and the Pacific, where it is an invasive weed. Also known as Siam weed, it forms dense stands that prevent the establishment of other plant species.


Synonyms: Eupatorium affine Hook & Arn., Eupatorium brachiatum Wikstrom, Eupatorium clematitis DC., Eupatorium conyzoidesM. Vahl, Eupatorium divergens Less., Eupatorium floribundum Kunth, Eupatorium graciliflorum DC., Eupatorium odoratum L., Eupatorium sabeanum Buckley, Eupatorium stigmatosum Meyen & Walp., Osmia conyzoides (Vahl) Sch.-Bip., Osmia divergens (Less.) Schultz-Bip., Osmia floribunda (Kunth) Schultz-Bip., Osmia graciliflora (DC.) Sch.-Bip., Osmia odorata (L.) Schultz-Bip.
Common names: agonoi (Philippines), bitter bush (English), chromolaena (English), hagonoy (Philippines), herbe du Laos (French), huluhagonoi (Philippines), jack in the bush (English), kesengesil (Chamorro-Guam), mahsrihsrihk (Kosrae), masigsig (Chamorro-Guam), ngesngesil (Palau), otuot (Chuuk), rumput belalang (Indonesian Bahasa-Indonesia), rumput golkar (Indonesian Bahasa-Indonesia), rumput putih (Indonesian Bahasa-Indonesia), Siam weed (English), Siam-Kraut (German), triffid weed (English), wisolmatenrehwei (Pohnpei)

Description :Chromolaena odorata is an herbaceous perennial that forms dense tangled bushes 1.5-2.0m in height. It occasionally reaches its maximum height of 6m (as a climber on other plants). Its stems branch freely, with lateral branches developing in pairs from the axillary buds. The older stems are brown and woody near the base; tips and young shoots are green and succulent. Leaves simple, opposite, ovate, or rhomboid, serrate, or dentate, long petioled and bright green colored. leaves opposite, flaccid-membranous, velvety-pubescent, deltoid-ovate, acute, 3-nerved, very coarsely toothed, each margin with 1-5 teeth, or entire in youngest leaves; base obtuse or subtruncate but shortly decurrent; petiole slender, 1-1.5cm long; blade mostly 5-12cm long, 3-6cm wide, capitula in sub-corymbose axillary and terminal clusters; peduncles 1-3cm long, bracteate; bracts slender, 10-12mm long; involucre of about 4-5 series of bracts, pale with green nerves, acute, the lowest ones about 2mm long, upper ones 8-9mm long, all acute, distally ciliate, flat, appressed except the extreme divergent tip; florets all alike (disc-florets), pale purple to dull off-white, the styles extending about 4mm beyond the apex of the involucre, spreading radiately; receptacle very narrow .
Flowers seen in terminal or axillary panicled heads. The flowers are white or pale bluish-lilac, and form masses covering the whole surface of the bush (Cruttwell and McFadyen 1989). Seeds small and is crowned with silky hairs for wind dispersion. The root system is fibrous and does not penetrate beyond 20-30cm in most soils. The flowerheads are borne in terminal corymbs of 20 to 60 heads on all stems and branches.
Use
burns, hemorrhages, hemorrhoids, indigestion, skin diseases, traumatic injury, edema, fracture and infection. It is used traditionally in south india for the treatment of chikungunya ( if you take bath in the water boiled with leaf of a common plant your pain will reduce.)

Tuesday, November 11, 2008

Pharmacy Distance Education Programme (IGNOU) India

· PG Diploma in Pharmaceutical Science and Marketing(IGNOU)
Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) will soon start Postgraduate Diploma in Pharmaceutical Science and Marketing.It will be very useful for those people who are really interested in pharmacy and pharma marketing.The notification is expected by second week of December 2009 .It will be of 1 year duration.The fees structure will be nominal and the best thing is that you will get a cerificate from a reputed university. Graduates with either science faculty or arts graduated with pharmacy diploma can join the course. The course will be offered under the IGNOU's distant education programme. The syllabus and the course details will be available in IGNOU website by December 2009 .Do visit the website www.ignou.ac.in for latest updates.


contact
School of Vocational Education and Training (Tel 011-29536982, Email sovet@ignou.ac.in)
Post Graduate Diploma  in Pharmaceutical Sales Management

Tuesday, November 4, 2008

LIST OF INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS

These chemicals could react violently if allowed to come in accidental contact with each other, resulting in an explosion, or may produce highly toxic and/or flammable gases or vapors. However, it should be remembered that this list is not in any way complete, but is to serve only as a guide for the more commonly used chemicals.
Download pdf version of INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS here

Monday, November 3, 2008

Chemistry of Tear Gas

TEAR GAS
It is a chemical compound that stimulates the corneal nerves in the eyes to cause tearing,pain, and even temporaryblindness.The major constituent of tear gas is 2-(2-chloro-benzylidene)-malononitrile.

Tear gas is a chemical compound which, in humans, causes immediate tearing of the eyes, mild respiratory convulsion, an increase in blood pressure and pulse, as well as the irritation of mucous membranes. A lachrymatory agent or lachrymator (from lacrima meaning "a tear" in latin) (commonly referred to as tear gas) . These are commonly used as riot control agent and chemical warfare agents.

CHEMISTRY OF RDX

RDX EXPLOSIVE
There are many explanations for the name RDX, including Royal Demolition eXplosive, Research Department (composition) X and Research Department eXplosive. Research Department composition X is most likely correct. RDX was widely used during world war II, often in explosive mixtures with TNT. In its pure, synthesized state RDX is a white, crystalline solid.
Chemical structure of RDX
It is having a Triazine nucleus. It starts to decompose at about 170 °C and melts at 204 °C. Its structural formula is: hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine or (CH2-N-NO2)3.

At room temperature, it is very stable. It burns rather than explodes and detonates only with a detonator, being unaffected even by small arms fire. However, it is very sensitive when crystallized, below −4 °C.
Reference: NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2006
Detoxification of Explosives by Plants

Plants tackle explosive contamination.Plants engineered to degrade either RDX (left) or TNT (right) absorb the explosives through their roots and proceed to catabolize them into less toxic compounds (e.g., aminodinitrotoluenes) or nontoxic compounds (e.g., NH3 or CO2).(Nature Biotechnology 2006)


Saturday, October 25, 2008

Volvo Ocean Race - Cochin 2008



The Volvo Ocean Race, will reach the Queen of Arabian sea (Kochi ,my home town ) on December 3 , 2008.It is a round the world marathon ocean yacht racing competition,India has never hosted such a prestigious sailing event and the people are very excited to watch this mega event.It is for the first time in the 35 year history of Volvo Ocean Race, stop over in India. And that too at Kochi and my home town is ready to roll out the red carpet . Even though its heavy raining in Kochi the preparations are going in its full swing .


The volvo ocean race will reach Kochi for a stopover of 10 days from December 3 to 13 ,2008, after the 10 days halt it will sail to Singapore.The volvo ocean race which started round the world marathon sailing in october 2008 and cover more than 39,000 nautical miles,visiting 11 ports across the world would set sail from Alicante in spain.It would stop over at cape town ,Kochi,Qungdao in China,Rio de Janeiro, Boston,Galway,Goteborg and Stockholm,before reaching the finishing point, at St.petersburg.




you can track the live action on
you will get current status of each yacht,its speed,current location,direction etc
Participating teams
1.ERICSSON RACING TEAM - ERICSSON 4
2.ERICSSON RACING TEAM - ERICSSON 3
3.PUMA RACING TEAM
4.TELEFONICA BLUE RACING TEAM
5.TELEFONICA BLACK RACING TEAM
6.TEAM RUSSIA
7.GREEN DRAGON RACING TEAM
8.DELTA LLOYD


Tuesday, October 21, 2008

Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacy) in GATE 2010.

Pharmacist's No more to GATE !
Huge disappointment for all the pharmacy graduate .IIT's decided to stop the Pharmaceutical science paper(PY) from next GATE . 2010 onwards there will not be any pharmaceutical sciences(PY) in GATE.This will be the last GATE for all the pharmacy students.Lets hope for a better alternative from the authorities.
Important Notes:
1. The validity og GATE 2009 score card will be for a period of 1 YEAR from the date of announcement of result.

2. It has been decided to remove Pharmaceutical Sciences (PY)
paper with effect from GATE 2010.
Changes in GATE 2009 . A comparison between GATE 2008 and GATE 2009.
GATE 2008
1. Maximum marks 150
2. Time 3 hours
3. 90 questions (objective type)
4. 1/4th negative marking

GATE 2009 Paper structure:

ü Maximum marks 100
ü Time 3 hours
ü 60 questions (objective type)
ü 1/3rd negative marking

Q.1 to Q.20 : Will carry one mark each (sub-total 20 marks). 1/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer.

Q.21 to Q.50 : Will carry two marks each (sub-total 60 marks) .2/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer.

Q.51 through Q.56 (3 pairs) will be common data questions. Each question will carry two marks.2/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer.Question pairs (Q.57, Q.58) and (Q.59, Q.60) will be linked answer questions.The answer to the second question of the last two pairs will depend on the answer to the first question of the pair.

If the first question in the linked pair is wrongly answered or is un-attempted, then the answer to the second question in the pair will not be evaluated. Each question will carry two marks.There will be negative marks only for wrong answer to the first question of the linked answer question pair i.e. for Q.57 and Q.59, 2/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. There is no negative marking for Q.58 and Q.60

GATE-2009 Pharmacy Syllabus

Natural Products: Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry ? Chemistry, tests, isolation, characterization and estimation of phytopharmaceuticals belonging to the group of Alkaloids, Glycosides, Terpenoids, Steroids, Bioflavanoids, Purines, Guggul lipids. Pharmacognosy of crude drugs that contain the above constituents. Standardization of raw materials and herbal products. WHO guidelines. Quantitative microscopy including modern techniques used for evaluation. Biotechnological principles and techniques for plant development, Tissue culture.

Pharmacology: General pharmacological principles including Toxicology. Drug interaction. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Central nervous system, Cardiovascular system, Autonomic nervous system, Gastro intestinal system and Respiratory system. Pharmacology of Autocoids, Hormones, Hormone antagonists, chemotherapeutic agents including anticancer drugs. Bioassays, Immuno Pharmacology. Drugs acting on the blood & blood forming organs. Drugs acting on the renal system.

Medicinal Chemistry: Structure, nomenclature, classification, synthesis, SAR and metabolism of the following category of drugs, which are official in Indian Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia. Introduction to drug design. Stereochemistry of drug molecules. Hypnotics and Sedatives, Analgesics, NSAIDS, Neuroleptics, Antidepressants, Anxiolytics, Anticonvulsants, Antihistaminics, Local Anaesthetics, Cardio Vascular drugs ? Antianginal agents Vasodilators, Adrenergic & Cholinergic drugs, Cardiotonic agents, Diuretics, Antijypertensive drugs, Hypoglycemic agents, Antilipedmic agents, Coagulants, Anticoagulants, Antiplatelet agents. Chemotherapeutic agents ? Antibiotics, Antibacterials, Sulphadrugs. Antiproliozoal drugs, Antiviral, Antitubercular, Antimalarial, Anticancer, Antiamoebic drugs. Diagnostic agents. Preparation and storage and uses of official Radiopharmaceuticals, Vitamins and Hormones. Eicosonoids and their application.

Pharmaceutics : Development, manufacturing standards Q.C. limits, labeling, as per the pharmacopoeal requirements. Storage of different dosage forms and new drug delivery systems. Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics and their importance in formulation. Formulation and preparation of cosmetics ? lipstick, shampoo, creams, nail preparations and dentifrices. Pharmaceutical calculations.

Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence: Drugs and cosmetics Act and rules with respect to manufacture, sales and storage. Pharmacy Act. Pharmaceutical ethics.

Pharmaceutical Analysis: Principles, instrumentation and applications of the following: Absorption spectroscopy (UV, visible & IR). Fluorimetry, Flame photometry, Potentiometry. Conductometry and Plarography. Pharmacopoeial assays. Principles of NMR, ESR, Mass spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis and different chromatographic methods.
Biochemistry. Biochemical role of hormones, Vitamins, Enzymes, Nucleic acids, Bioenergetics. General principles of immunology. Immunological. Metabolism of carbohydrate, lipids, proteins. Methods to determine, kidney & liver function. Lipid profiles.

Microbiology : Principles and methods of microbio0logical assays of the Pharmacopoeia. Methods of preparation of official sera and vaccines. Serological and diagnostics tests. Applications of microorganisms in Bio Conversions and in Pharmaceutical industry.

Clinical Pharmacy : Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Dosage regimen in Pregnancy and Lactation, Pediatrics and Geriatrics. Renal and hepatic impairment. Drug ? Drug interactions and Drug ? food interactions, Adverse Drug reactions. Medication History, interview and Patient counseling.

Saturday, October 18, 2008

Free Chemistry Structure Drawing Software

FREE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE DRWAING TOOLS
Here are some links to download some free chemical structure drawing software .It is simple and user friendy ,it will help you to solve the problem of IUPAC naming of organic structures.Both the software will generate IUPAC names in a mouse click.
1.ISIS Draw: It is a simple software ,you can generate IUPAC names and 3-Dimensional view of the organic molecule.Click on the link below and download.





2.Chem Sketch:It is a software with lot of function and easy to use .Download it and start enjoying chemistry in a different way .
http://www.acdlabs.com/download/chemsk.html




3.ChemAxon
ChemAxon is a leader in providing chemical software development platforms and desktop applications for the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.It is a very good and user friendly software for drawing chemical structures.It is a free dowloadable sofware. It is free for academic user .To download click here






Free Pharmacy Magazines

Free Chemistry Magazines
Here is the list of some free pharmacy/chemistry related magazines and their subscription links. some of them are available worldwide and some are limited to certain countries only.It is only a compilation of some of the website address, offering free magazines.Thank you
1.Drug Discovery & Development
In the race to develop new drug products, researchers and managers want informative, objective content in a functional format that is easy to access and read. Drug Discovery & Development delivers vital insight about the latest technologies and tools used develop pharmaceutical products in a way that no other publication can to key decision-makers. Subscriptions are free to qualifying readers.
http://www.dddmag.com/subscribe.aspx
2.Spectroscopy Asia MagazineFREE full colour magazine for spectroscopists in Asia and the Pacific Rim. With four issues annually it is available free, when you register for subscription at
www.spectroscopyasia.com.
3.Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (GEN), the only high-frequency publication dedicated to biotech news, from bench to business, was introduced in 1981 as the first biotechnology trade publication. Now in its 27th year, GEN retains its position as the most widely read biotechnology publication around the globe. (Available:USA AND CANADA only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/gen/
4.BioProcess™ Asia-Pacific! - The only publication dedicated to providing this dynamic region with the high quality, scientific, peer-reviewed information necessary to successfully implement the latest applications and technologies to the biotherapeutic development and manufacturing process. (Print version Available in USA.Canada and Europe)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/bpi/
5.Biotech International is the leading international magazine for the life science industry.
Print version Available in Canada, Mexico, Selected International
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/bti/
6.BioTechniques is a peer-reviewed international journal that serves scientists engaged in basic and applied research.
Print version Available in USA, Canada & Europe (Print Only), Asia Pacific (Digital Version Only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/biot/
7.Chemical Engineering.The industry gateway for chemical engineering and plant operations
Print version Available in USA (Print only version), International (Digital only version)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/cmen/
8.Chemical Processing is the only magazine that focuses exclusively on chemical manufacturing and its complexities.
Print version Available inUSA (Print and Digital editions), Select International (Digital edition only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/chp/
9.Clinical Laboratory International (CLI) is the leading clinical lab magazine internationally and is crammed with information of direct relevance to everyone working in clinical and blood bank laboratories
Print version Available inMexico, Selected International
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/cli/
10.The resource for designers of cosmetic, fragrance, and personal care product packaging.
Print version Available inUSA, Canada (Print only), Selected International (Digital only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/cpcp/
11.Filtration+Separation is the end user magazine for the international filtration and separation industry
Print version Available inUSA (Print Edition Only), Europe (Digital Edition Only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/fas/
12.Lab Manager Magazine® helps provide a forum and a framework to help lab professionals hire and supervise staff, establish a laboratory, and plan a coherent research program, while keeping the goals of good science and scientific discovery at the forefront
Print version Available inUSA & Canada (Digital and Print Editions Available), International (Digital Edition Only)
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/lbmg/
13.Nature Biotechnology devotes pages specifically to in-depth analysis of issues concerning biotechnology intellectual property case law and policy, together with breaking news on patents. Also included in each issue are key emerging areas such as computational biology and materials science.
Print version Available inUSA, Canada, Selected International
http://all-freemagazines.tradepub.com/free/nbt/
14.Nature Reviews Drug Discovery publishes the highest-quality reviews and perspectives plus news stories and features that investigate key issues in drug discovery. You'll also benefit from timely summaries of the most significant primary research, market analysis, and updates on fast-moving areas such as new drug approvals and patent law.
Print version Available inUSA, Canada, Selected International
http://chemspy.tradepub.com/free/nrdd/?p=nrdd
15.Drug Discovery News magazine
(free digital edition subscription to Drug Discovery News.)
http://online.icnfull.com/orp/
Terms of use :All deals, and promotions on this site are subject to change without notice. This Blog does not guarantee the accuracy of links, or deals on this site. we are a portal used to save your time finding deals on the internet. We are not responsible for any products ordered. Magazine titles, logos, cover images and marks on this site are the property of their respective owners.

Friday, October 17, 2008

Chemical Hazard/Safety Symbols Free Download

Chemical Hazard Symbols (PDF Format)
Entertaining chemistry offers you a collection of chemical hazard/safety symbols .It will help you while handling the chemicals.You can download this file in PDF format from the following link.

Thursday, October 16, 2008

Online Visitors Widget to website

How can I get widget ,that shows number of users online
Here is a cool widget that just shows how many visitors are online.You can add this widget to your blog and you can see howmany peoples are currently viewing your web page.Go to the site http://www.freeonlineusers.com/ and register your name and get the code and add it to your bolg .It is simple ,easy and FREE ! Thank you.
try these free online visit counters widget/gadgets for blog and blogspot
http://www.geovisites.com/en/directory/tourism_amusement-parks.php





Tuesday, October 14, 2008

Tips For Studying Organic Chemistry


HOW TO START STUDYING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Each year thousands of students enter the organic chemistry classroom with fear about what is called by some, The Impossible Subject. Indeed organic chemistry can be very difficult , but it is manageable. It can also be very rewarding . With the rapid developments in science and technology, organic chemistry, which is the fundamental to many disciplines, is becomes increasingly important. Here are some simple tips to allow you to get the kind of high grades you want in organic chemistry.

visit this site for learning the basics of organic chemistry .Lot of animated study materials are included in the site which will help you in better understanding ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ANIMATIONS
I suggest you to download the book "Organic chemistry as second language"to start learning organic chemistry from the basics ------------to download CLICK HERE





HAVE A DESIRE TO LEARN .NEVER CRAM ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.
Learning organic chemistry doesn’t require any special talent. In order to succeed in your study of organic chemistry, you need only the desire to learn and the willingness to work hard.
Organic chemistry is not a subject that can be crammed. Many students make the mistake o trying to memorize this subject. An understanding of basic principles is more important than just memorization. It is true that facts must be learned , but you will be confused by them unless you understand them first.
READ CAREFULLY.NEVER SKIP TOPICS
First read each chapter carefully. Then close the book and try to reproduce the key facts you have studied .Be specific and write them down .This technique will rapidly reveal which items you know well and which requires further study .Then spent more time on these items which caused trouble.
Organic chemistry is cumulative .That is what you learned today is a basis for new material tomorrow. It is important that you attempt to master each topic /concept before going to a new one .So do not read selectively.
NEVER GET BEHIND .SET DEADLINES
Some of us have poor study habits .A fatal sin in organic chemistry is to fall behind .attempts at cramming at a night or two before an examination bring the ghastly realization that the subject cannot be quickly learned. Also, the pace of the course does not allow much breathing space to catch up once one is left behind. So keep up
Set a deadline for each chapter .without setting deadlines we do get serious about getting something done. Studying organic chemistry for one hour every day is much better than studying seven hours on sunday.
LEARN BASIC OF ORGANIC STRUCTURE. MASTER NOMENCLATURE
If you don’t know how to name a simple compound, like alcohol or an alkene or ether, you will fail every test. Guaranteed!
The whole language of organic chemistry is based on nomenclature and basic structure. The more you learn the basics ,the easier it will be to understand how chemical reactions affect them.If you can easily pick out ketones ,alcohols, carboxylic acids, ethers, amines and hydrocarbons(alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and cyclic hydrocarbons)and name them ,you will be in a very good position to start understanding how and why reactions occur .practice, practice, practice ! Nomenclature is easy to understand once you have done it a few times.
Outline the lecture notes every week. That is, rewrite your notes using the fewest possible words, in outline format, with arrows connecting related ideas. And make short note on what you actually understand in your own words in a pieces of paper, called as "cheat sheets" to each exam.This will help you to refresh your knowledge. For some complex reactions which are very difficult to remember you make a separate chit sheet and put it in your pocket and just go through the chit sheet while you relax or u can make a bigger chart of such type of reaction and stick it in your bed room wall or somewhere you will surely notice it and it will be easy to recollect.
STUDY ACTIVELY.USE LOTS OF PAPER AND PENCIL
Write structures, reactions and mechanisms over and over again. Organic chemistry is best assimilated by writing, and not by simple reading. There is a good reason for this , organic structures, reactions and mechanisms are complex. If you simple examine them, you may think you understand them thoroughly. This level of understanding comes to most of us through writing. Only by writing we pay attention to the details, such as, which atoms are connected to which atoms , which bond breaks in a reaction and which bond form. When we write reactions and mechanisms, connections are made in our brain that provides the long term memory needed for success in organic chemistry. I can guarantee that your SCORE IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY is directly proportional to the number of pages of paper that you will fill with your own writing in studying during the course.
When it comes time to study for exams, especially finals, the problem is always time management. How can you most effectively use precious study time? Well, this is the best part of the method. Instead of reading over many pages of lecture notes and hundreds of book pages, you will only have to study what is on your highly condensed, few sheets of paper. While others are trying to figure out what to study, you are simply looking over a few pages with all the essential information WRITTEN IN YOUR OWN WORDS! After this review, do representative
DO A LOT OF PRACTICE PROBLEMS .YOU CANNOT HIT A SIXER IF YOU HAVE NEVER SWUNG THE BAT BEFORE.
Lets face it. The standard measuring stick for your performance is your performance on examinations. These are composed of problems that you must solve on your own, without reference to note or text book.
It is extremely important that you apply what you have learned. The idea / concepts will not be fixed in your mind until you put them to use. to achieve this, do lot of problems .
STAY STRESS FREE
Keep yourself stress free .This is because stress affects your memory and concentration .It make you feel tired .stress reduces your efficiency .Relieve yourself of extra strain by selecting goals and keeping a diary
GOOD LUCK !! (and remember always –VALENCY OF CARBON IS FOUR! you cannot draw five bonds from a carbon atom)

THESE ARE SOME FREE ORGANIC CHEMISTRY E BOOK FOR DOWNLOAD 






Friday, October 10, 2008

Laboratory synthesis of propranolol

Laboratory synthesis of Medicinal compounds.

SYNTHESIS OF PROPRANOLOL
AIM
To synthesis and find out the percentage yield of Propranolol

REFERENCES
1. Kaiser, C., Jen, T., Garvey, E., Bowen, W.D. (1997). Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry, 20(5), 687-9.
2. Crowther, A.F. & Smith, L.H. (1968). Journal of Medicinal
Chemistry, 11, 1009-13.
3. Jaggers, S. E.; Jones, G. (1978). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, v. 21, n. 2, p. 182-188.
PRINCIPLE
Propranolol is the most useful nonselective adrenergic antagonist (β1, β2- blocker). Propranolol is used in the treatment of angina and hypertension. By antagonizing the β2-receptor, propranolol possesses serious problems to asthmatic patients. Propranolol presents an aryloxypropanolamine structure and has been synthesized in two steps from α-naphthol, using the route shown below:

EXPERIMENTAL
A. Synthesis of epoxide
Transfer 1.25 g (0.0085 mol) of 1-naphthol (PM = 144.18 g/mol), 0.5 g KOH to a round-bottom flask and add ethanol/H2O (9:1). After dissolution, add drop wise 4ml (0.049 moles) of epichlorhydrin (MM = 92.5 g/mol, d = 1.180 g/ml, and e.p. 114 °C). The reaction is left under magnetic stirring at room temperature for 48 h. TLC is carried out in an eluent system (hexane/ethyl acetate 9:1) to monitor the end of the reaction. Remove ethanol by vacuum evaporator. Extract aqueous phase with ethyl ether. The ethyl ether extract is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filter and remove solvent to obtain the crude brown oil.





B. Synthesis of propranolol
Transfer 0.2 g (1.0 mmol) of the crude oil with methanol to a round-bottom flask fitted with a stopper and add 4ml of isopropylamine (47 mmol; 2.78 g; d = 0.694 g/ml). Keep the reaction under temperature control (t = 40 °C), for 2 h. Remove solvents by vacuum evaporator. To the obtained product, add 30ml of 2.0 mol/L HCl and transfer to a separating funnel. Extract with ethyl ether. Transfer the aqueous extract to an Erlenmeyer flask and alkalinize with 32ml, 2.0 mol/L NaOH, in an ice bath (0 °C), with vigorous stirring to precipitate the product. Filter the precipitate, dry in a vacuum desiccator, and recrystallize from petrol ether (boiling point = 65–110 °C). Weigh the solid.

OBSERVATION AND CALCULATIONS

Molecular weight of 1- Naphthol = 144.17g

Molecular weight of propranolol = 259.3 g

Theoretical yield = 2.25 g

Practical yield = ……… g

Percentage yield =
Determine the melting point (reported m.p., 95–96 °C).
RESULTS
At least two products are obtained in the first step reaction; however, it is not necessary to purify the crude oil. The by-product results from nucleophilic attack of potassium salt of 1-naphthol to the formed epoxide. This by-product is removed in the second step by ether extraction. The yield is satisfactory. Spectrometric data analysis is recommended.
Disclaimer: This document is provided to the general public as a courtesy; any individual, institution, or organization who choose to use this document, either in its original or in a modified form, do so at their own risk, author is not liable for injuries or accidents that occur in any lab.






Thursday, October 9, 2008

Upcoming seminars, Conferences and Events In Pharmacy (India) October 2008 update

UPCOMING SEMINARS,CONFERENCES AND EVENTS

IN PHARMACY 10 December 2008 (INDIA) UPDATED
FOR LATEST UPDATES CLICK THE LINK :http://entertainingchemistry.blogspot.com/2008/12/upcoming-seminarsconferences-and-events.html
SEMINARS IN NOVEMBER 2008







1.First International Conference On Pharmacovigilance And Clinical Data Management
Date: 2-5 November 2008
Venue: Full day workshop on 2 November at Cognizant Hiranandani Business Park, Powai, Mumbai followed by a three day conference from 3 -5 November, at The Residence Hotel, Powai Mumbai.
2.Theoretical and Practical Course "Transgene Expression in Plants"
Organiser: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB, New Delhi, India)
Date:10 - 13 November 2008
http://www.icgeb.trieste.it/meetings-2008.html
3.2nd Indo - US meeting on Mitochondrial Research & Medicine
Date:12-14 November 2008
Venue-ManipalUniversity,Manglore


4.National Seminar on Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Analysis

Date: 13-15 November 2008.

Venue: PES College of Pharmacy,Hanumanth Nagar,Banglore.
5. AICTE Sponsored one day seminar on "Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences."

Date:November 14 -2008

venue:Erode College Of Pharmacy,Erode.


6.International Conference On New Developments In Drug Discovery From Natural Products And Traditional Medicines.
Venue:- NIPER ,S.A.S.Nagar,Punjab,India
Date:16 th November -20 th November 2008
http://niper.nic.in/
7.Biology in the new millennium “Indo-US conference on translational medicine and infectious diseases”
Date-17-20 November, 2008
Venue - National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India .
http://www.nii.res.in/

8.bioLOGIC India 2008: India’s most influential biopharmaceutical meeting

venue:Marriott hotel, Hyderabad.

Date:17-20 november 2008



8.INDO-RUSSIAN WORKSHOPon Self - propagating High Temperature Synthesis

Date:Nov 27 - 29, 2008

venue:The Materials Research Centre (MRC),Banglore.


9.National Seminar on Cancer - Biology and Development of New Chemical Entities

Date:20-22 november 2008

Venue:PSG College of Pharmacy,Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu

http://www.psgpharma.com/natsemi_cancer.html
10.National Seminar and Workshop on "Metabolic Networks and Drug Discovery"
Date:28-11-2008 to 30-11-2008
Venue:Banarus Hindhu University
http://www.bhu.ac.in/seminar/seminar.htm
11.P-Mec India
Date: 27-30 November 2008
Venue: Bombay Exhibition Centre-NSE Exhibition Complex, Mumbai.
http://www.cphi-india.com/content/P-MECIndia.aspx

12.Seventh National Workshop on “Simple Diagnostic Methods in Clinical Microbiology”
Date:25th to 29th November 2008
Venue: Department of Microbiology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry.



SEMINARS IN DECEMBER 2008



13.Recent Techniques in Structural and Functional Genomics

Date:December 1 -10, 2008

Venue:Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Lucknow – 226 015


14.DIA's 3rd Annual Conference on Drug Discovery and Clinical Development in India: Scientific, Regulatory, and Social Frontiers

Date:07 Dec 2008 - 10 Dec 2008

Venue:Renaissance Mumbai Hotel & Convention Centre,

2 & 3B, Near Chinmayanand, Ashram, Powai400087 MumbaiIndia


15.R & D Conference 2008

Venue:India habitat centre N.Delhi

Date: december 6 -10 2008


15.International Conference on Natural Products in Health & 21st Annual Conference of The Indian Society for Atherosclerosis Research.

Date: 8th - 10th December , 2008

Venue:Annamali university,Chidambaram.


16.National Symposium On“Recent Advances inFemale Reproductive Health Research”
Date:December 11-12, 2008

Venue:Central drug research institute,lucknow

http://www.cdriindia.org/endoconf2008/endosymp2008-1.pdf
17.60th Indian Pharmaceutical Congress (IPC) 2008
Date: 12-14 December, 2008
Venue: Netaji Subash Institute of Technology, New Delhi
http://www.ipcdelhi.com/
18.International Conference On Biotechnological Approaches To Neuroimmunomodulation And Infectious Diseases (Icbanid)
Date- December 11-13, 2008.
Venue-National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Sector-67, Phase-X, S. A. S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab,
http://niper.nic.in/

19.IISc Centenary Conference

Date:13-16

December 2008

Venue: Indian Institute Of Science,Banglore


20.A Satellite Alexander Hollaender Workshop on "Genetic Toxicology"

Da7te: December 15 - 17, 2008.

Venue:Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Lucknow

http://www.iitrindia.org/ForthcomingEvents.html
21.International Conference On Translational Pharmacology and 41 st Annual Conference Of Indian Pharmacological Society
Date:December18-20 2008
Venue:AIIMS ,N.Delhi
http://www.ips-aiims.com/


SEMINARS IN JANUARY 2009


22. 96 th Indian Science Congress

Date: January 3-7 2009

Venue:North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU) ,Shillong-793022

http://www.isc2009nehu.com/
22.INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOLECULAR MEDICINE With special reference to therapeutic applications (NEW)

Organised by:The Laila Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd, Chennai In Association With:Indian Institute of Technology Madras,India,Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA and Sri Ramachandra University and Stella Maris College for women.

Date:January 18th - 20th, 2009

Venue: IIT Madras




22.21st Kerala Science Congress

Date: 28-31 January 2009

Venue: C. Kesavan Memorial Hall, Kollam,Kerala

http://www.ksc.kerala.gov.in/venueanddate.htm
23.International Conference on Interplay of Chemical and Biological Sciences: Impact on Health and Environment
Date-26th February - 1st March 2009
Venue- Delhi University, Delhi
Organized by-Indian Society of Chemists & Biologists, India and Delhi University
http://www.iscbindia.org/conference.htm



SEMINARS IN FEBRUARY 2009


24.Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK)symposium

Date:13 and 14 february 2009

venue:NIPER ,S.A.S.Nagar


25.International conference on Herbal Medicine – “Evaluation of Quality, Efficacy and Safety”

Date:February 26 , 27 & 28th (Thursday,Friday & Saturday), 2009

Venue:J.N Tata auditorium,National science seminar complex,Indian Institute of Science,Banglore



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